Dextran sulfate 5 (DS5)

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Dextran sulfate for cell media

CAS Number: 9011-18-1

Dextran sulfate 5 is a low molecular weight dextran derivative produced by the sulfation of selected dextran fractions. TdB Labs produces both the low and high sulfated dextran sulfate 5, where 5 represents a molecular weight of 5000 Da. The full name is Dextran sulfate sodium salt 5kDa. This product is available at both the technical and pharma grade qualities.

Dextran sulfate 5 from TdB Labs is made by a novel and unique know-how procedure, which gives a white powder with low absorbance and excellent stability. The product does not contain pyridine.

Dextran sulfate 5 is supplied as the sodium salt and is stabilised by a small addition of phosphate salts. The molecular weight refers to values obtained after sulfation. A certificate of analysis is supplied with each batch. The molecular weight range, sulfur content, moisture etc. are carefully controlled.

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Structure
Dextran is a polysaccharide derived from the bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides B512F and consists of an α-D-(1 – 6) linear glucan with a low content (ca. 5%) of sidechains linked to the 3-carbon of glucose. Dextran sulfate 5 is a sulfated derivative of selected dextran fraction. The sulfate content of our low sulfated dextran sulfate 5 lies between 8 to 13 %, the degree of sulfatation of our high sulfated dextran sulfate 5 is between 16 to 20 %.

Storage and stability
Dextran sulfate 5 is stable for more than 6 years when stored dry in well-sealed containers at ambient temperature.

Solubility
Dextran sulfate 5 is readily soluble in water.

Applications
Dextran sulfate 5 is a common additive in cell culture media where it is often used as an anti-coagulant. Aggregations of cells affects cell growth, nutrient transports, proliferation and obstructs cell counting and monitoring. Dextran sulfate 5 in combination with trypsin has been shown to diminish cell-aggregation during culture of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells (Jing et al, 2016). Dextran sulfate has also shown to inhibit apoptosis and increase protein production in CHO cells (Menvielle et al, 2013).

Further, Dextran sulfate 5 has a wide range of application areas and properties that are listed below:

  • Anti-coagulation agent in cell media
  • Selective precipitation of lipoproteins
  • Acceleration of DNA hybridisation.
  • Releasing DNA from DNA-histones complexes
  • Inhibition tRNA-binding to ribosomes
  • Inhibition of ribonucleases
  • Anti-viral properties
  • Used in cosmetics for anti-inflammation properties and osmotic retention of water
  • Separation of microorganisms and macromolecules
  • Adjuvant in vaccines
  • Studies of perm selectivity of membranes

References

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  1. Ali, H. M. et al. Safety and Clinical Outcomes of Using Low–Molecular-Weight Dextran During Islet Autotransplantation in Children. Pancreas Publish Ahead of Print, (9000).
  2. Möhwald, M. et al. Aspherical, Nanostructured Microparticles for Targeted Gene Delivery to Alveolar Macrophages. Adv Healthc Mater 6, (2017).
  3. Dijk, M. et al. How Dextran Sulfate Affects C1-inhibitor Activity: A Model for Polysaccharide Potentiation. Structure 24, 2182–2189 (2016).
  4. Shahraz, A. et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of low molecular weight polysialic acid on human macrophages. Scientific Reports 5, 16800 (2015).
  5. Svensjö, E., Nogueira de Almeida, L., Vellasco, L., Juliano, L. & Scharfstein, J. Ecotin-Like ISP of L. major Promastigotes Fine-Tunes Macrophage Phagocytosis by Limiting the Pericellular Release of Bradykinin from Surface-Bound Kininogens: A Survival Strategy Based on the Silencing of Proinflammatory G-Protein Coupled Kinin B2 and B1 Receptors. Mediators of Inflammation https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2014/143450/abs/ (2014) doi:10.1155/2014/143450.
  6. Parraga, J. E., Zorzi, G. K., Diebold, Y., Seijo, B. & Sanchez, A. Nanoparticles based on naturally-occurring biopolymers as versatile delivery platforms for delicate bioactive molecules: An application for ocular gene silencing. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 477, 12–20 (2014).
  7. Svensjö, E. et al. Maxadilan, the Lutzomyia longipalpis vasodilator, drives plasma leakage via PAC1–CXCR1/2-pathway. Microvascular Research 83, 185–193 (2012).
  8. Russo, L. M. et al. Renal Processing of Albumin in Diabetes and Hypertension in Rats. AJN 23, 61–70 (2003).
  9. Landauer, K. et al. Influence of Carboxymethyl Dextran and Ferric Citrate on the Adhesion of CHO Cells on Microcarriers. Biotechnology Progress 19, 21–29 (2003).
  10. Hugerth, A. M. Micropolarity and Microviscosity of Amitriptyline and Dextran Sulfate/Carrageenan‐Amitriptyline Systems: The Nature of Polyelectrolyte–Drug Complexes. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 90, 1665–1677 (2001).
  11. Persson, B., Hugerth, A., Caram-Lelham, N. & Sundelöf, L.-O. Dextran Sulfate−Amphiphile Interaction; Effect of Polyelectrolyte Charge Density and Amphiphile Hydrophobicity. Langmuir 16, 313–317 (2000).
  12. Hugerth, A. & Sundelöf, L.-O. Effect of Polyelectrolyte Counterion Specificity on Dextran Sulfate−Amphiphile Interaction in Water and Aqueous/Organic Solvent Mixtures. Langmuir 16, 4940–4945 (2000).
  13. Burne, M. J. et al. Anomalous decrease in dextran sulfate clearance  in the diabetic rat kidney. American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 274, F700–F708 (1998).
  14. Caram‐Lelham, N., Hed, F. & Sundelöf, L.-O. Adsorption of charged amphiphiles to oppositely charged polysaccharides—A study of the influence of polysaccharide structure and hydrophobicity of the amphiphile molecule. Biopolymers 41, 765–772 (1997).
  15. Vyas, S. V., Burne, M. J., Pratt, L. M. & Comper, W. D. Glomerular Processing of Dextran Sulfate during Transcapillary Transport. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 332, 205–212 (1996).
  16. Wells, X. E. & Dawes, J. Role of the Liver and Kidney in the Desulphation of Heparin in vivo. Thromb Haemost 74, 667–672 (1995).
  17. Vyas, S. V., Parker, J.-A. & Comper, W. D. Uptake of dextran sulphate by glomerular intracellular vesicles during kidney ultrafiltration. Kidney International 47, 945–950 (1995).

Technical documents

Specifications

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